How Much Alfalfa to Feed a Horse: And Why Do Horses Dream of Electric Sheep?

How Much Alfalfa to Feed a Horse: And Why Do Horses Dream of Electric Sheep?

When it comes to feeding horses, alfalfa is often a topic of heated debate among equestrians, veterinarians, and even philosophers who ponder the existential implications of equine nutrition. Alfalfa, a nutrient-dense legume, is a staple in many horses’ diets, but determining the right amount to feed can feel like solving a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma. This article will explore the multifaceted considerations of feeding alfalfa to horses, while also delving into the whimsical question of whether horses dream of electric sheep—because why not?


The Nutritional Powerhouse: What Makes Alfalfa Special?

Alfalfa is often referred to as the “queen of forages” due to its high protein content, rich vitamin and mineral profile, and digestible energy. It contains essential nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and vitamins A, D, and E. For horses, alfalfa can be a valuable addition to their diet, especially for those with higher energy demands, such as performance horses, lactating mares, or growing foals.

However, the very qualities that make alfalfa a nutritional powerhouse can also pose challenges. Its high protein and calcium content can be problematic for horses with specific health conditions, such as kidney issues or metabolic disorders. This duality makes it crucial to understand how much alfalfa to feed and when to incorporate it into a horse’s diet.


Factors to Consider When Feeding Alfalfa

1. The Horse’s Age and Life Stage

  • Growing Foals: Young horses require a diet rich in protein and calcium to support bone development and muscle growth. Alfalfa can be an excellent choice, but moderation is key to avoid excessive weight gain or developmental issues.
  • Adult Horses: For most adult horses, alfalfa can be fed as a supplement to their primary forage (such as grass hay). The amount depends on their activity level and overall health.
  • Senior Horses: Older horses with dental issues may benefit from the softer texture of alfalfa, but its high calcium content should be monitored to prevent imbalances.

2. Activity Level and Workload

  • Performance Horses: Horses in heavy work, such as racehorses or eventers, often require additional calories and protein. Alfalfa can provide the necessary energy without the need for excessive grain.
  • Leisure Horses: For horses with light to moderate workloads, alfalfa should be fed sparingly to avoid unnecessary weight gain.

3. Health Conditions

  • Metabolic Disorders: Horses with insulin resistance or equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) should consume alfalfa cautiously due to its high sugar and starch content.
  • Kidney Issues: Alfalfa’s high calcium content can exacerbate kidney problems, so it should be avoided or limited in such cases.
  • Ulcers: Alfalfa’s buffering effect on stomach acid makes it a popular choice for horses prone to gastric ulcers.

4. Forage Quality and Availability

  • If high-quality grass hay is readily available, alfalfa may not be necessary. However, in regions where grass hay is scarce or of poor quality, alfalfa can serve as a valuable alternative.

How Much Alfalfa Should You Feed?

The amount of alfalfa to feed a horse depends on several factors, including the horse’s weight, activity level, and overall diet. As a general guideline:

  • For Maintenance: A horse consuming 2% of its body weight in forage daily might receive 10-20% of that amount as alfalfa. For a 1,000-pound horse, this translates to 2-4 pounds of alfalfa per day.
  • For Performance Horses: Up to 30-50% of the forage intake can be alfalfa, depending on the horse’s energy needs.
  • For Senior Horses: Alfalfa can make up a larger portion of the diet, especially if the horse has difficulty chewing other forages.

It’s essential to introduce alfalfa gradually to avoid digestive upset and to monitor the horse’s condition regularly. Adjustments should be made based on the horse’s weight, energy levels, and overall health.


The Whimsical Side: Do Horses Dream of Electric Sheep?

While the question of how much alfalfa to feed a horse is grounded in science, the notion of horses dreaming of electric sheep invites us to explore the more imaginative aspects of equine life. Horses, like humans, experience REM sleep, which is associated with dreaming. But what do they dream about? Fields of lush alfalfa? Endless gallops across open plains? Or perhaps, in a nod to Philip K. Dick’s dystopian vision, electric sheep?

The idea of horses dreaming of electric sheep is, of course, a playful metaphor. It reminds us that while we focus on the practicalities of equine care, there is also a world of wonder and mystery in the lives of these majestic animals. Perhaps, in their dreams, horses transcend the boundaries of their daily routines and embark on fantastical adventures—fueled, of course, by the perfect balance of alfalfa and other forages.


Practical Tips for Feeding Alfalfa

  1. Introduce Gradually: Start with small amounts and increase slowly to allow the horse’s digestive system to adjust.
  2. Balance with Other Forages: Alfalfa should complement, not replace, other forages like grass hay.
  3. Monitor Weight and Health: Regularly assess the horse’s body condition and adjust the diet as needed.
  4. Consult a Professional: Work with a veterinarian or equine nutritionist to create a tailored feeding plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can alfalfa cause colic in horses?

While alfalfa itself is not a direct cause of colic, sudden changes in diet or overfeeding can lead to digestive issues. Introduce alfalfa gradually and monitor your horse’s response.

2. Is alfalfa suitable for all horses?

No, alfalfa may not be suitable for horses with certain health conditions, such as kidney problems or metabolic disorders. Always consult a veterinarian before making significant dietary changes.

3. How does alfalfa compare to grass hay?

Alfalfa is higher in protein, calcium, and calories compared to grass hay. It can be a valuable supplement but should not entirely replace grass hay in most cases.

4. Can alfalfa make a horse “hot”?

Some owners believe that alfalfa can increase a horse’s energy levels or make them more excitable. While this is not universally true, individual horses may react differently to dietary changes.

5. What is the best way to store alfalfa?

Alfalfa should be stored in a cool, dry place to prevent mold and maintain its nutritional value. Keep it off the ground and protected from pests.


In conclusion, feeding alfalfa to horses is both an art and a science. By considering the horse’s individual needs and monitoring their response, you can harness the benefits of this remarkable forage. And while we may never know if horses dream of electric sheep, we can certainly ensure they have sweet dreams on a well-balanced diet.